AN EXACT ANALYSIS FOR FOUR-ORDER ACOUSTO-OPTIC BRAGG DIFFRACTION WHICH INCORPORATES BOTH INCIDENT LIGHT ANGLE AND SOUND FREQUENCY DEPENDENCIES

This thesis extends the prior work which produced an exact solution to the four-order acousto-optic (AO) Bragg cell with assumed fixed center frequency and with exact Bragg angle incident light. The extension predicts the model that incorporates the dependencies of both the input angle of light and the sound frequency. Specifically, a generalized 4th order linear differential equation (DE), is developed from a simultaneous analysis of four coupled AO system of DEs. Through standard methods, the characteristic roots, which requires solving a quartic equation, is produced. Subsequently, a derived system of homogeneous solutions, which absorbs the roots obtained using Ferrari\u27s approach, is formalized into a transition matrix operator which predicts the diffracted light orders at the exit of the AO cell in terms of the same diffracted light orders at the entrance. Numerical tests are used to test the hypothesis that the state of transition matrix is unitary. It is shown that this unitary matrix condition is sufficient to guarantee energy conservation. Three different types of tests: normalized space variation, normalized angle variation, and normalized frequency variation, have been used to demonstrate the agreement between analytical solutions and numerical predictions, which validate the formalism. Lastly, all four generated eigenvalues from the four-order acousto-optic differential matrix operator can be expressed simply in terms of Euclid\u27s Divine Proportion

Development Of An SMS Based Alert Systemusing Object Oriented Design Concept

An automated lecture alert management system has been developed using java programming concept knownfor its portability. This backend system was interfaced with the GSM network through USB port of a PC and GSM modem. The desktop SMS application was developed using C# programming language. It generates updates and reminder from a time schedule stored in a database thereby making the system a time triggered application

Design and Development of a University Portal for the Management of Final Year Undergraduate Projects

Processes associated with undergraduate final year projects have always been a manual process which requires a lot of paperwork and could sometimes be a cumbersome and tiring task for the personnel in charge. The manual process sometimes leads to time wasting, impeding of project work because the student carrying out the project work is not able to update the lecturer on the level of execution of the project. Also due to unavailability of a content management system or repository, duplicity of previously carried out final year projects is experienced. It could be sensed by the project supervisors or the personnel in charge that this particular project has been done but where is the proof? Where is the system that out rightly bounces the topic back when the student puts it forward or bring forth a list of projects that has keywords present in the chosen project topic? This project work therefore, eliminates or reduces the error of allowing a student to carry out a project that has been done before as well as cutting down on the cost and time required by the student to produce a quality technical report. It also helps to prevent the forgery of signatures usually experienced during the final clearance stage of the students after the conclusion of the project work. During the clearance stages, the completed stages will be noted by the computer until the final stage of the clearance stage is completed and the print button can be clicked upon by the student to bring forth the completed clearance form. In this work, we developed an intranet portal platform that can integrate all the processes above into one syste

Bacterial Pattern in Acute Appendicitis

Background: Bacteria have been implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of acute appendicitis. Few reports exist on bacteriology of the disease in Africa. The knowledge of bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity pattern will assist in formulating treatment protocol for acute appendicitis in a resource-poor environment. Aim: This study sought to determine the bacterial and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in acute appendicitis in a local population in Nigeria. Methods: Patients with acute appendicitis presenting between November 2013 and October 2014 were studied. At surgery, 1cm rim of appendix was cut from the base and transferred into the transport medium. The specimen was cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed. Results: Sixty patients were recruited. Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringes were the commonest aerobes and anaerobes respectively isolated. The aerobes were sensitive to third generation cephalosporins (78.1% – 86.2%) and flouroquinolones (75.9% – 77.6%) and resistant to amoxycilin with clavulanic acid. The anaerobes were sensitive to metronidazole (96.5%). Conclusion: The commonest aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated are Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringesrespectively. The aerobes are sensitive to flouroquinolones and third generation cephalosporin. Anaerobes are sensitive to metronidazole. Combination of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole as prophylactic antibiotics or as eventual treatment for catarrhal appendicitis is recommended.Key words: Bacteria, Appendicitis, Antibiotic

Programming a Computer and a Microcontroller to Control the Speed and Direction of DC Motors

Direct current (DC) motor has already become an important machine used in many applications across a wide range of powers and speeds. The ease of control and excellent performance of the DC motors will ensure that their applications will continue to grow in the future. This work is mainly concerned with DC motor speed, direction and active state (either start or stop) control by using microcontroller PIC18F452 via Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique, where its signal is generated in microcontroller. The PWM signal will request the motor driver to vary the voltage supply across the motor to maintain its speed. A program written in Visual Basic 6.0 is developed to provide a graphic user interface (GUI) to enable the control of the DC motor from a computer

Design And Development Of A Microcontroller Based Wireless Security Access System

Security can simply be protecting your equipment and files from unauthorized access, but there is much more. Computer security helps ensure that your computers, networks, and peripherals work as expected all the time, and that your dsta is safe in the event of hard disk crash or a power failure resulting from an electrical storm. Security makes sure no dsmage is done to your dsta and that no one is able to read it unless you want them to. This work focuses on security from the dimension of remote wireless access using password credential. In various industries, companies and even homes of today, the use of this means of security is very popular and various evolution over the years have been made to the first model that came out in the late 1800's. The main activities involved in this work are the research done on how the automatic gate works and the transfer of frequency modulated signals using the transmitter and receiver module

Automatic Control and Monitoring of Electrical Energy Consumption Using PIR Sensor Module

Low power consumption is a very good advantage in this energy hungry world. A microcontroller-based Automatic Light Control is designed and constructed to save the usage of electrical energy and to avoid wastage using a room as a study. This project takes over the task of controlling the room light. When a person enters the room, the lights are switched on automatically while it is switched off as the last person leaves. A Passive Infrared sensor is placed near the door and used to detect the presence of human beings. The output from this sensor is sent to the PIC16F84 microcontroller, which then controls the room lights via a relay. A pilot test carried out suggested a saving in the energy comsumptio

Experimental analysis of intrusion detection systems using machine learning algorithms and artificial neural networks

Since the invention of the internet for military and academic research purposes, it has evolved to meet the demands of the increasing number of users on the network, who have their scope beyond military and academics. As the scope of the network expanded maintaining its security became a matter of increasing importance. With various users and interconnections of more diversified networks, the internet needs to be maintained as securely as possible for the transmission of sensitive information to be one hundred per cent safe; several anomalies may intrude on private networks. Several research works have been released around network security and this research seeks to add to the already existing body of knowledge by expounding on these attacks, proffering efficient measures to detect network intrusions, and introducing an ensemble classifier: a combination of 3 different machine learning algorithms. An ensemble classifier is used for detecting remote to local (R2L) attacks, which showed the lowest level of accuracy when the network dataset is tested using single machine learning models but the ensemble classifier gives an overall efficiency of 99.8%